New Parliament building

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Amid opinion/s of “any move for construction of new Parliament building will amount to the destruction of not just a historical monument but also a historical temple of democracy” and fast-consolidating construction of new Parliament Building it is now clear that the present Parliament House smoothly will make way for the new Parliament House building to be constructed within the Majestic RajPath, less than a stone’s throw distance from present Parliament House Building. Relevantly, the move for the new Parliament House started in 2012 and even before. Its already 2016… 

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2012 : The concern over the structural safety of Parliament House, a heritage building, and the clamour for more space for Members of Parliament has forced the authorities concerned to look for an alternative to the existing set-up.

One suggestion is to build a replica of Parliament House on the southern side of Vijay Chowk.

In a report prepared by the Union Urban Development Ministry and submitted to the Lok Sabha Secretariat, it has been recommended that a new structure can be built across the Vijay Path as was envisaged by Sir Edward Lutyens himself.

“While planning the buildings around Raisina Hill, Lutyens had thought of a circular building, a mirror image of Parliament House on the Southern Side of the Vijay Chowk. The plot that was marked for this construction is currently being used as temporary barracks. This land can be used for building a new House that will address the current space and safety concerns,” said an official.

The Ministry has suggested that the new building can be made to resemble the existing House on the outside, but the interiors can be designed to accommodate the needs of the MPs. Both buildings can be connected through a tunnel passing right under the Vijay Chowk.

The second option, the Lok Sabha Secretariat has been informed, is using the space adjacent to Gurdwara Rakab Ganj Road where government properties stand. “There are a few old residential buildings on a plot that can be cleared to create space for a new Parliament House or an annex whatever is found suitable. There is a precedence of clearing old set ups to create new,” said the official.

The report has also suggested “repair, rehabilitation and strengthening of the existing building.” “Once the new space is ready, the Central Public Works Department can carry out rehabilitation work of the existing Parliament House. Because it is a heritage structure and needs specific work, it will take four to five years to conclude the work, right from planning to execution,” the official said.

pills store No consensus

In the absence of a consensus whether India should get a new Parliament building, or simply repair and conserve the old, the Union Urban Development Ministry finds itself hunting for a suitable option.

The Ministry that recently undertook a detailed survey of the seat of democracy has begun taking remedial measures, removing clutter, reducing dead weight from the Parliament House, all of which threaten the safety of the building.

“It was designed for 180 members, but as the numbers grew and the need for space increased, benches had to be added to the galleries as well. There are several rows towards the periphery that don’t even have tables,” said the official.

Alarming revelations

A survey of the building’s structural safety recently threw up alarming revelations. Alterations to the original design and unauthorised occupation of space, presence of hazardous materials and congestion were identified in the survey as threats to the heritage building’s safety.

“Our Parliament House is decades old. Over the years, weather, wear and tear, security paraphernalia and other additions and alterations to the buildings have caused a lot of damage. Since there is a need for space, we can relocate the Houses and offices to a new building and convert the old to a museum, just as Australia has done. In Australia, where the Parliament building was built around the same time as ours, functioning Parliament has been shifted to a new building, which was constructed in the 1980s,” the official said.

              2016 : Planning to build a new Parliament House seems to have become the norm with Lok Sabha speakers of late. After Meira Kumar initiated such a move during the previous UPA regime, now Speaker Sumitra Mahajan wants a new House with latest technological facilities to be built.

Mahajan has written to urban development minister Venkaiah Naidu with her proposal, saying the 88-year-old heritage structure is showing signs of “distress” and will not be able to meet the growing demand for space. A similar reason had been given the last time, by Meira Kumar in July 2012, but it did not find many supporters.

The Speaker urged Naidu to consider construction of a new Parliament and suggested two options for the alternative building, one within the Parliament complex and another across Rajpath, sources said.

The foundation stone of the historic Parliament House was laid in 1921. Constructed at a cost of Rs 83 lakh, it was inaugurated in January 1927.

While giving reasons for constructing a new building, Mahajan said the number of seats in Lok Sabha was likely to go up after 2026 “in accordance with the provisions of the explanation to clause (3) Article 81 of the Constitution” while the present seating capacity of the House was 550 without any scope for increase.

Sources explained that the number of seats in the lower House may go up after 2026 because of this clause in Article 81, which determines representation on the basis of population according to the last census (possibly 2021 census).

In her letter, Mahajan said, “On account of ageing of the Parliament House building and expansion in activities, staff etc, the building has shown signs of distress and over utilization… Under the circumstances, there is an imperative need for the construction of a new state-of-the-art Parliament building.”

She argued that when the present structure was commissioned, the number of staff, security personnel, media visitors and parliamentary activities were limited but over the years, parliamentary activities and the number of people working there and visitors had increased manifold.

With the expanding scope of parliamentary oversight functions, increase in number of committees and security requirements, the demand for space had increased several times, the Speaker said.

There are also plans, keeping in view technological advancements, to equip MPs with latest gadgets to enable them to make the best possible use of technological tools and to make Parliament paperless, she said.

“This would also require re-designing and refurbishing of the sitting arrangements in the Lok Sabha chamber. Whereas there are limitations to this in the present sitting arrangements in the chamber, a new building will offer better scope for a modern Parliament building equipped with latest technological tools,” Mahajan said.

Since the building was declared a ‘Heritage Grade-I’ structure, there are several limitations on structural repairs, additions, alterations and modifications, the Speaker said.

She gave two options for the new building. One option was constructing the new building within the Parliament complex which would require relocation of certain facilities and services, she said.

The second option was the other side of Rajpath, which is “suitably large area and would enable a free design of a new Parliament House building”, Mahajan’s letter said.

She suggested that an underground link beneath Rajpath may be constructed to provide connectivity between the existing building and the proposed complex.

About a year ago, a suggestion to build a new Parliament was reportedly made at a meeting of the Budget Committee of Parliament including Deputy Speaker of Lok Sabha M Thambidurai, Public Accounts Committee chairman K V Thomas and Estimates Committee chairman Murli Manohar Joshi.

Thomas had said the existing building was “old” and a new Parliament building should be thought of as provision needed to be made for the next 100 years.

 
In July 2012, the then Speaker Meira Kumar approved setting up a high-powered committee to suggest an alternative complex. Lok Sabha secretary general T K Viswanathan had told reporters that the Speaker had given “in principle” approval to set up a committee to go into questions such as the site of alternative complex to house Lok Sabha and Rajya Sabha and how it will be constructed. “Footfalls are increasing… Its heritage character should be preserved. There is need to plan for future,” he had said.

 

Counter View :

The United States Capitol, which houses the US Congress, has been in use since 1800. The Palace of Westminster has served as the home of the British Parliament for centuries, having often undergone extensive renovation and rebuilding. The Indian Parliament building, which is 88 years old, is quite modern in comparison. It is a majestic structure that holds very special significance for all Indians. While there is no denying that it may need to be modified, bearing in mind changes in technology and new seating requirements, is there really a need to create a whole new building, especially given the huge financial costs that will be involved? We hope the government will deliberate very carefully before taking any decision.

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